Effects Of 2008 Crisis N Political Economy Decisions

STUDENT ID: S00801773 International Business Economics INB 460 Effects of 2008 crisis n political economy decisions in two countries: India China Word Count: 1647 Contents Introduction 3 China 3 India 4 Economic Policies 4 FDI 4 GDP 7 Inflation 8 Current Account 9 Conclusion 10 Bibliography 10 Introduction The financial crisis, which began in late 2007 in US, went on to affect Europe and Asian counties. The economists were of the opinion that it would not affect the developing nations like China and India. Moreover as per the economists, these countries have already adopted reforms, which would make them withstand such crisis, and hence would be able to sail through it. But that was not the case. We would be comparing the economic policies of these countries’. Both the countries’ have high economic growth rate since last decade or so and are rapidly raising their footprint in global scenario. China China opened its arms’ in the late 70’s and since then has never looked back. From a centrally planned economy to market based economy has put China as a major global economy. Till recently, a command economy, China has move towards more private sector, but still majority of the macroeconomic processes are controlled by state. The country has moved to being a manufacturing hub on account of its huge low cost manpower and became an export hub by providing subsidized infrastructure (Paul,Show MoreRelatedThe Financial Crisis Of 20071646 Words   |  7 PagesThe most recent financial crisis of 2007 was felt throughout the world, and brought about huge economic consequences that are still being felt to this day. Within the United States, the crisis undoubtedly resulted in a surge in poverty and unemployment, a significant drop in consumption, and the loss of trust in the capitalist economic system. Because of globalization, this crisis was felt through the intertwined gl obal markets, affecting underdeveloped countries even more. Historical eventsRead MoreFinancial Deregulation and Capital Control1283 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Financial deregulation and capital control The financial markets for a long time were regulated following the aftershocks of the global recession which affected several economies across the globe. It was until the 1980s that the federal government passed the Deregulation and Monetary Act which was aimed at providing deregulation for the financial institutions. This gave the banks the flexibility to compete and extend their services at a much easier and faster way in a very competitive market andRead MoreEthical Leadership in 21st Century Global Organizations1711 Words   |  7 Pagesreading and research on ethical leadership in 21st century global orgnisations. 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HighRead MoreSovereign Debt Crisis7683 Words   |  31 PagesFinance 307 European Debt Crisis in Greece Group Members: Arivendran Baskaran 7e0a7767 / 15474140 Jordan Leong Yew Henn 7e0a7574 / 15544519 Joslyn Jong Siew Yi 7E2B1252 / 16519725 Tutor’s Name: Alpha Anak Ngadan Tutorial Day and Time: Wednesday 8am-9.30am Semester 2, 2013 - Miri Campus Abstract The sovereign debt crisis in Greece has attained several controversial bailouts which has caused a huge fuss to the Greek citizens and the tension of political instability in negotiation

The Synthesis Of Henry Ford - 2710 Words

Synthesis Essay- Henry Ford MSgt Ryan S. Harris Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy March 28, 2016 Instructor: Bradley E. Walters Synthesis Essay- Henry Ford 8 When someone mentions the name Henry Ford, most people would think that he was just the owner of Ford Motor Company and that he made the model -T. Henry Ford accomplished much more than that as he was one of the greatest Visionary and Ethical leaders of the early 1900’s. The first half of this essay will explain how Henry Ford designed an everyday automobile for the everyday family through Team Dynamics and that he inspired his workforce to reach his goal by using Full Range Leadership. Then this essay will explain how he built a successful diverse workforce through†¦show more content†¦The Ford Motor Company was not the only auto manufacturer around and there was competition to keep his employees to remain with him . During those eight years of coming up with ways to produce an affordable automobile , Henry Ford also needed to take care of his people. One of the main reasons that Ford Motor Company did so well is because Henry Ford was a Transformational leader and used Full Range Leadership. He used Inspirational Motivation to inspire his employees to put forth the effort to achieve his ideas (BCEE, 2016b, p.11 ). In the early 1900’s , Henry Ford hired many Americans and many immigrants to make his company a well-oiled machine. He knew what motived them to work hard and that was money, healthcare and citizenship. Henry Ford provided these by building a health clinic right next to his automobile factory. For the immigrant employees , he aided them in learning English and opened up avenues for them to get their citizenships (Neil Schlager, 2001). He also knew the needs of his employees and used Individualized Consideration when he introduced the five dollar a day work concept (BCEE, 2016b, p.11). The other automobile companies were paying their employees an average of three dollars a day. Henry Ford was a pure example of a Visionary Leader because of the way he used Team Dynamics when he designed an automobile not just fo r the rich but for theShow MoreRelatedSynthesis Essay - Henry Ford2093 Words   |  9 Pages Synthesis Essay – Henry Ford MSgt Ronald D. Dedman Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy September 7, 2014 Instructor: MSgt Tony Sansone Introduction Imagine yourself on a farm. Out in the middle of a Michigan field. This isn’t a modern farm with tractors, combines, hay bailers, and trucks to move everything around. It is small. Very quiet. Just you and a horse. You need that horse to do everything. You and your family are dependent onRead MoreSynthesis Essay : Henry Ford Essay2130 Words   |  9 Pages Synthesis Essay – Henry Ford MSgt Steven S. Bobbitt Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy â€Æ' Henry Ford What kind of leader would you be if you forged a new path and were leading the way in an industrial revolution? Would you set yourself up for fame or would you look out for those below you and what was to come in the future? In this paper, my claim is that Henry Ford was a Visionary and Ethical Leader. When many think about Henry Ford, their first thought is that of the assemblyRead MoreHenry Ford : Ethical And Visionary Leader1293 Words   |  6 PagesHenry Ford – Ethical and Visionary Leader Imagine if I told you that you could buy the same car you bought today for 30 percent less money you if waited until tomorrow, would you be interested? My ethical and visionary synthesis essay talks about â€Å"The People’s Tycoon.† Henry Ford is the man who created an affordable, reliable automobile for the American people of the early 1900’s with the invention of the automobile assembly line. He accomplished this through the use of precision manufacturingRead MoreThe Heritage of Operations Management2336 Words   |  10 Pagesof them actually developed specifically for service organizations. OM is also an academic field of study that focuses on the effective planning, scheduling, use, and control of a manufacturing or service firm and their operations. The field is a synthesis of concepts derived from design engineering, industrial engineering, management information systems, quality management, production management, inventory management, accounting, and other functions. The field of OM has been gaining increased recognitionRead MoreVarious Phases that Make Up the Cell Cycle Essay examples1314 Words   |  6 Pagesphases and DNA replication. During Interphase the cell goes through its first gap phase (G1). During G1 protein and RNA synthesis occurs so that the cell can grow and mature. (Cooper, Geoffrey M) G1 is very important because it controls the rate at which the cell grows and develops. The phase following G1 is the Synthesis phase (S1). The main component of S1 is DNA synthesis. DNA replicates during this phase so that there will be an excess of chromosomes in the cell. This part of interphase is veryRead MoreLeadership Skills, Traits And Behaviors1667 Words   |  7 Pagesfound it a great opportunity to have an interview with my most favorite leader of Ford Motors. As I want to peruse my career in running my own car manufacturing company. This interview helped me a lot to grasp the clear understanding of the leadership styles and skills w hich a leader really needs to portray for the success of his organization. Ford Motor Company is the American International automaker founded by Henry Ford in 1903. 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The Effect Star Wars Had on American Culture free essay sample

The use of Star Wars in American culture has helped to define culture in terms of new markets, the formation of a cultural community, and what it means to be modern in culture and society. George Lucas started his production company Lucasfilm Limited for the production of Star Wars, this in turn led to a new market and the creation of different companies, all with a pedigree leading back to Lucasfilm Limited and Star Wars. Star Wars also led to the formation of a new sub-culture in American culture, the culture surrounding the way people of all ages can interact and play, as well as creating infinite possibilities for Star Wars games and themes. Star Wars also shows us what it means to be modern, and in studying the great films one can see all the different technologies we have today that were a product of the Star Wars universe. Lucasfilm Limited, founded by George Lucas in 1971, is best known for the Star Wars and Indian Jones films and got the ball rolling for the domination of the film market in terms of special effects. Here is a quick list of subsidiary companies to Lucasfilm Ltd. : Industrial Light and Magic, Skywalker Sound, LucasArts, Lucas Licensing, Lucas Learning, Lucas Books, Lucasfilm Animation, Lucas Marketing, Lucas Online. Former subsidiary companies include THX Ltd. , and Pixar Animation Studios. These ten companies were all built off Lucasfilm Ltd. and show how Star Wars led to George Lucas domination over the special effects film industry. Industrial Light and Magic is an American Academy Award-winning motion picture visual ffects company founded in 1975 by Lucas. Skywalker Sound is the sound effects, sound editing, sound design, sound mixing and music recording division of Lucasfilm Ltd. LucasArts is an American video game developer and publisher, it publishes games based primarily off Star Wars. Lucas Licensing and Lucas Learning are both divisions under Lucasfilm Ltd. in charge of the licensing and merchandising of products, as well as the publishing of educational materials. Lucas Books is the division in charge of all book publishing under Lucasfilm Ltd. Lucasfilm Animation is an animation studio founded in 2003, its first major production was the Star Wars: Clone Wars television series. Lucas Marketing and Lucas Online are divisions of Lucasfilm Ltd. in charge of marketing of products and website production, respectively. THX Ltd. is a high-fidelity audio/visual reproduction standard for movie theaters, screening rooms, home theaters, computer speakers, gaming consoles, and even car audio systems. It was founded in 1983 by George Lucas in order to ensure that the soundtrack for the third Star Wars film, Return of the Jedi, would be accurately reproduced in the best venues. Pixar Animation Studios is a computer animation film studio, best known for its CGI-animated feature films. Pixar began in1979 as the Graphics Group part of the computer division of Lucasfilm Ltd. These are just some of the larger companies that are a part or were at one time a part of Lucasfilm Ltd. , which generated the majority of its power/revenue from the Star Wars franchise. Star Wars has created and funded the market of animated film in American culture through the growth of Lucasfilm Ltd. and the creation of enormous film companies such as THX and Pixar. Not only has this dynamic franchise created new avenues in the animated film market, but is has also become a popular commodity in our culture. The six-film Star Wars saga has had a significant impact on American popular culture, with Darth Vader being an iconic super villain and phrases like May the Force be with you being a popular good-bye phrase. Since that historic Friday in May of 1977, science fiction, particularly in film, has often been influenced and compared to Star Wars, and it also helped launch the sci-fi boom of the late 1970s and early 1980s, making science fiction films a blockbuster genre. The Hollywood-focus shifted from just meaningful stories based on dramatic conflict, themes and irony to the special effects laden blockbusters following these meaningful stories. Before Star Wars, special effects in films had not appreciably advanced since the 1950s, but the commercial success of the franchise created a boom in the special-effects industry, this surge being led by Lucasfilm Ltd. The American conductor, pianist and composer, John Williams, composed the film scores, or music in the film, for films such as Indiana Jones, Jaws and equally if not more important, Star Wars. Williams film scores have become iconic musical choices for fanfare, sporting events, or other Star Wars events. There have also been numerous amounts of Star Wars parodies and spinoffs such as Spaceballs, or television episodes from Family Guy, The Cleveland Show, and numerous other television episodes. The creation of Star Wars action figurines and other Star Wars toys is a huge market that is growing every year. One of Legos, construction toy sets, most popular sellers is the Star Wars themed Lego sets. With the rise of video games over the past two decades has also seen some growth due to the Star Wars community. LucasArts has produced over 80 individual Stars Wars video games since Star Wars first came out, creating its own sub-genre of the video game market. Most importantly with the cultural community aspect of Star Wars, we see the unification of many different individuals. How many people in American culture today cannot recognize Princess Leias cinnamon bun hairstyle, or the iconic sound of Darth Vaders breathing, or the quirky speech of Jedi Master Yoda? Star Wars has created a community of people who can recognize the different characters based off individual features, such as Vaders breathing or Leias hair, but it also gives many people a common ground to discuss different aspects of life, because Star Wars touches almost every aspect of life. One can equate a forest to the trees of Endor, or a construction machine to the movements of an AT-AT, or an icy climate to that of Hoth. The classic storyline that follows a poor, orphaned farm boy join a group of rebels to destroy his villain father and the evil he stands for is simple enough for kids of all ages to understand, and exciting enough to appeal to the kid in all of us. Then with the extension of the trilogy to Episodes I, II, and III, the storyline is made even deeper and more complex as viewers watch the upbringing of the young Vader. The story following Anakin Skywalker appeals to many because of his rastic transformation from the innocent boy to the adult who gives in to emotions, just like many of the Star Wars viewers who may, every once in awhile, give in to emotion. The formation of the Star Wars community is an example of a common ground where ANY individual is welcome just due to their ability to recognize Star Wars in popular culture. This franchise also displays what it means to be modern in terms of technology, and we can see how technology today was affected by Star Wars. The cardboard TIE Fighters and fireworks explosions were what was used to create the special effects of the first Star Wars trilogy. Looking back on those films, the technology seems quite barbaric, where is the CGI?! But in the summer of 1977 the special effects of Star Wars was equal to the visual (not storyline) performance of James Camerons Avatar. When George Lucas founded Industrial Light and Magic he did so not just to improve on the technology and special effects surrounding Star Wars, but other film industries as well. Since Lucas moved the company to Marin County in 1978, Industrial Light and Magic has gone on to produce the special effects of nearly three hundred films, including the Indiana Jones series, the Harry Potter series, the Jurassic Park series, the Back to the Future trilogy, many Star Trek films, the Pirates of the Caribbean series, the Terminator sequels, the Transformers films, the Men in Black series, the Mission Impossible films, E. T. the Extra-Terrestrial, and of course the Star Wars franchise. All big blockbuster series or films, all special effects taken care of by Industrial Light and Magic, which was founded based on the special effect needs of Star Wars. The Star Wars franchise has also provided inspiration for the U. S. government when it come to technology. The Strategic Defense Initiative, created by President Ronald Reagan in 1983, aimed to used ground-and-space-based lasers, missiles and other weapons to help protect the United States from attack by nuclear missiles. Critics derisively referred to it as Star Wars. Reagan himself may have drawn upon Star Wars for inspiration when he referred to the Soviet Union as the Evil Empire, echoing the use of Evil Galactic Empire in the opening crawl for A New Hope six years earlier. Another link to the U. S. government and Star Wars lay in the ideas of U. S. Army Lt. Col. Jim Channon for a First Earth Battalion. As detailed in the book The Men Who Stare at Goats and fictionalized in the film of the same name, the U. S. military researched the idea of super-soldiers they called Jedi warriors, who could, among other abilities, adopt cloaks of invisibility, pass through walls, precognitive sense knowledge of the future and even kill goats by staring at them. A more recent example of how Star Wars influenced modern technology is election night, 2008. CNN presented correspondents as holograms much like the scenes from Star Wars, complete with partial translucence and a glowing blue haze around them. The process required 35 HD cameras and is called tomograms, made by capturing images of a person from all sides, reconstructing them with computers and displaying them on screen. The use of bionic hands and other limbs has also become more and more prominent with modern technology, and many amputees equate themselves with Star Wars character who were the first to be seen with bionic limbs that can be compared with todays standards. Star Wars has also influenced many modern military technologies. Wicked Lasers, a Hong Kong-based company, recently developed an ultra-powerful handheld laser, yes, a light saber. According to developers, it can cause permanent eye damage and even set skin ablaze. Called the Spyder III Pro Arctic, it contains a full watt into its sleek confines, and could even injure someone a mile away. Another technology which can be attributed to the Star Wars franchise is robotic technology. Intelligent droids such as R2-D2 and C3-PO captured the imagination of millions, and over the course of three decades the world has seen incredible steps in intelligent robotic technology. There are robotic vehicles that can be used to defuse explosive devices and save lives, but what about a robot that can go on the offensive to, like the droid army in Episode I: A Phantom Menace? The U. S. Army has developed the Modular Advanced Armed Robotic System (MAARS), which is a robot that can open doors and set explosives or remove object with a gripper claw. Its turret is fitted with an M24b machine gun, which gives it a lot of fire power, and it also has gunshot detection capability, so it can determine where shots are coming from and return fire. It also has 360-degree vision, two way communications, night vision, and thermo vision. Like R2, this machine is the ultimate Swiss-army knife. Technologies such as the MAARS or the Spyder III Pro Arctic are modern technologies influenced by the Star Wars franchise. Starting with the foundation of Lucasfilm Limited, George Lucas set off a urge for science fiction technologies, made Star Wars a commodity of popular culture, and dominated the market surrounding Star Wars and animated film. As Lucasfilm Ltd. rew and sprouted new divisions and companies, Star Wars became interlinked with most every animated film due to Pixar and Industrial Light and Magic both being subsidiaries to Lucasfilm Ltd. Many modern technologies, such as the MAARS, or bionic limbs, have culminated out of the Star Wars community, as well as Reagans Star Wars Initiative. Star Wars as a community engulfs much of American popular culture. Just look around on Halloween, how many Vaders, Jedis, Storm troopers are out and about? I personally have been Darth Vader on 3 separate Halloweens. On election night 2008, one of the most important dates in American history, CNN uses a Star Wars theme while correspondents discuss. Just the sheer size of the Star Wars universe can be daunting, but this universe keeps growing, and it is for that reason the Star Wars phenomenon will continue to live on with civilization. Works Cited Brooker, Will, 2002,  Using the Force: Creativity, Community, and Star Wars Fans,  ISBN 0-8264-5287-6 Cook, David A. , Lost Illusions: America Cinema in the Shadow of Watergate and Vietnam, 1970-1979, History of the American Cinema, V. , University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-23265-8 Hadhazy, Adam. Wicked Lasers Lightsaber Can Burn Eyes and Skin.   Tech News Daily. n. page. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. lt;http://www. technewsdaily. com/619-wicked-lasers-lightsaber-can-burn-eyes-and-skin. htmlgt;. Smith, Ned. Seven Sci-Fi Weapons from Tomorrow Are Here Today.   Tech News Daily. n. page. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. lt;http://www. technewsdaily. com/602-seven -sci-fi-weapons-from-tomorrow-are-here-today. htmlgt;. Martinez-Moncada, Diego. How Star Wars Changed the World (infographic).   Daily Infographic. (2011): n. page.

Opportunity Recognition free essay sample

Mr Kurian was born in December, 13th 1961 and had graduated in Diploma in Electrical and Electronic Engineering in the year 1983. Mr Kurian has been in the engineering industry for almost 30 years, in which he has worked under different companies during the first 17 years. Mr Kurian had begun his career as entrepreneur in the year 2000, where he established his own engineering firm alongside with his 2 partners. Mr Kurian took full advantage of his experience working under different engineering firms for 17 years, and applied engineering and management skills that he had learnt to start his own business. Currently, Mr Kurian Zachariah is the Managing Director of Frezawa Engineering Sdn Bhd. This literature review concentrates on the topic of opportunity recognition for entrepreneurs. In order to start-up business, entrepreneurs have to identify the idea or core value of the business. Generally, entrepreneurs would go for opportunity or business which would promise greater success in the market. We will write a custom essay sample on Opportunity Recognition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2. 0 Literature Review Opportunity Recognition A stream of research shows that opportunity recognition is highly associated with entrepreneur’s alertness in the market, prior knowledge on a particular field, mental stimulation, social capital, and behavioral and cognitive skills. According to research done by Gregoire, Barr and Shepherd (2010, 29), cognitive skills are crucial for entrepreneurs to identify opportunities. Entrepreneurs used their prior knowledge and creativity skills in order to search for â€Å"open window† in the market. D’Souza, Rodney, and Schenkel (2011, 46) stated that greater prior knowledge breadth provide entrepreneurs with higher chances of identifying innovative opportunities. Research shows that 46% of the studied entrepreneurs agreed with crucial roles of knowledge in identifying the best opportunity. With knowledge, entrepreneurs know how and where to look for opportunities. Butler, Doktor and Lins (2012, 23)viewed alertness and social interaction as the major driving forces for entrepreneurs. St-Jean and Tremblay (2011, 42) stated in his research that entrepreneurs are alert to the environmental factors such as economy, political and social to create opportunities. Moreover, it is observed from the literature review that entrepreneurs applied different types of strategies and techniques throughout the opportunity recognition process. Studies done by Butler, Doktor and Lins (2012, 32) shows that entrepreneurs involved the technique of active searching and experiential learning throughout the recognition process. In other hand, Gregoire, Barr and Shepherd (2010, 63)concluded in his research that entrepreneur opportunities occurred based on timing and luck; thus waited for opportunities to occur instead of taking crucial steps searching for opportunities. Chitakornkijsil (2011, 53) noted that different individuals discovered different opportunities, according to their particular way of gathering and processing information. Based on the study done by Butler, Doktor and Lins (2012, 98), entrepreneurs have different sources of opportunities. First, Butler, Doktor and Lins viewed that entrepreneurs focused on innovation as a source of opportunity. Entrepreneurs focused on innovation of technology to create a â€Å"door† to the market. D’Souza, Rodney, and Schenkel (2011, 94)also stated that entrepreneurs used innovation to create new products and market for customers. For example, the introduction of smart phones and tablets to the market. Furthermore, entrepreneurs also considered society’s knowledge and awareness as one of the sources. The development of new knowledge would enhance awareness in the society. Therefore, entrepreneur used society’s awareness and created solution to the problems. Research conducted on sample group of Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics concluded that 53% of entrepreneur respondents would take great advantage from introduction of new knowledge to the market. Butler, Doktor and Lins (2012, 54) stated entrepreneurs likely taken opportunity regarding health and environmental awareness such as pollution and disease. In addition, entrepreneurs also depend on market trends and structure as a source of opportunity. Entrepreneurs studied growing trends in the market and implied related strategy to enter the market. Entrepreneurs focused on trends and demands to ensure profits and success. However, showed different view compared to other research reports. St-Jean and Tremblay (2011, 67) was less focused on these sources but emphasized on facts that entrepreneurs depends on external environmental factors such as politic, economy, and social environment as the major source of opportunity. D’Souza, Rodney, and Schenkel (2011, 85) implied that entrepreneurs take advantage of the current environmental crisis such as economy downfall, riot, and social crisis to create business opportunities. A stream of research showed that entrepreneurs search for business opportunities by implementing strategic methods which depends on active searching, social networking, past experience learning, and deep knowledge. Research by Pech and Cameron (2006, 142)showed that entrepreneurs used active searching for information in order to locate â€Å"new window† in the market. Plus, Nixdorff (2008, 44) stated that the potential of success for entrepreneurs depends on the social network ties of the individual. According to Chitakornkijsil (2011, 75), the bigger the size of entrepreneur’s social network in the market, the higher entrepreneur’s chances of gaining potential information. Social interaction also helped entrepreneurs in providing network chain of opportunities. Furthermore, most of the research project studied mutually agreed with the statement of entrepreneurs mostly depend on past experience in order to create new opportunity. Entrepreneurs used past experience learning method to create innovation to the previous idea such as features or design modification. Entrepreneurs with past experience have higher knowledge on what the future successful product should be. Survey conducted by Pech and Cameron (2006, 118)on sample group of successful entrepreneurs shows that almost 55% of the entrepreneurs managed to locate high potential opportunities through past experience learning. In other hand Ozgen (2011, 58) and Kolb (2010, 86) have the opposite views. Ozgen and Kolb denied social network and experience to be the best way for entrepreneurs in identifying opportunity. However, both of the research agreed that entrepreneurs move together with the demands of market and availability of technology in market. This means that entrepreneurs followed the trends and high demands in market, but produced only at limited innovation. Based on the literature review done on several research projects, different conflicting ideas were studied on the characteristics of a potential opportunity. Through comparison, most research projects agreed with characteristics of a high potential opportunity to be rare, exclusive, hard to copy and not readily substituted opportunity. In other words, the opportunity would require an introduction of new market. However, Ozgen (2011, 47) denied the idea of rare and exclusive opportunities to be majorly focused by entrepreneurs, as according to Ozgen, this type of opportunity would be cost expensive, compared to normal market opportunity. The research done in developing countries shows that 62% of the studied entrepreneurs went for low cost opportunity as they defined exclusive products to be less promising to succeed in the country. Nixdorff 2008, 62) Therefore, Nixdorff stated entrepreneurs considered low cost opportunity to be high potential opportunity in the market as it is more attractive and promise fewer loss. However, some entrepreneurs avoided low cost venture opportunity as it is a long-term profit venture. In other hand, entrepreneurs went for new markets as there would be fewer competitors in the market and are more attractive to society. Empirical research done by Gregoire, Barr and Shepherd (2010, 134) shows on average only 2 out of 5 entrepreneurs would gain greatest share in ighly competitive market. Therefore, it would be legit to decide opportunity with fewer competitors would offer greater potential of success for entrepreneurs. According to research projects studied, most of researchers mutually stated that the major challenges faced by entrepreneurs in identifying opportunity occurred from self and external environment. From the self view, entrepreneurs faced challenges in identifying potential opportunity due to anti-social lifestyle, uncertainty avoidance attitude, lack of creativity and imagination, poor knowledge, and refusal behavior. These factors studied to results in entrepreneurs having less network ties in the market, low confidence in taking risks, lack of alternative and innovative idea, and loss of opportunity. Based on study conducted by Kolb (2010, 131) on entrepreneurs of Institute of Wyoming, 44% out of 100 respondents agreed that the major challenge which could constraint them from identifying potential opportunities is entrepreneur’s own attitude and behavior. Furthermore, entrepreneurs also faced obstacles in opportunity recognition due to environmental factors such as lack of technology innovation and legal constraint idea. Research studied by Chitakornkijsil (2011, 113), proved that the rate of opportunity development in developed countries to be approximately 32% greater than developing countries. This shows that entrepreneurs in developing countries such as Malaysia, China, and etc, are facing obstacles due to level of technology enhancement and legal constraints idea, where entrepreneur’s idea have to be filtered by the ethical perspective of the society. This can be seen from development of smart phones in developed countries, but only few developers in developing countries. . 0 Conclusion As conclusion, entrepreneurs can be defined as innovators who, despite constraints, actively focus on searching and identifying potential opportunities in the market for the sake of the business establishment, survival and growth. Based on the literature review conducted, it is studied that entrepreneurs implemented cognitive and creativity skills in identifying the highest potential opportunities in the m arket. It is important for entrepreneurs to be alert and aware of market opportunity. With the presence of the required skills, entrepreneurs would still be required to implement strategic techniques and strategies such as active searching and social interaction to identify promising â€Å"window† in the market. Furthermore, it is studied that the strength or competitive advantage of entrepreneurs in the market depends on the entrepreneur’s network ties and prior knowledge on the field. The best way for entrepreneurs to increase the possibility of identifying potential opportunities is to increase size of network, which would increase sources of information.

Natural Vegetation of your Area Take

The natural vegetation of your suburb A Pre-European Vegetation Community of Sydney The pre-European vegetation community of Sydney was made up of grassy woodlands. The grass in these woodlands was tall and perennial. The woodlands had a variety of large wild flowers. Shrubs were also present in these woodlands. The examples of these wild flowers and shrubs were the yams, wattles, and peas (Benson 6).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Natural Vegetation of your Area Take-home lab assignment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Pre–European vegetation in Sydney had a range of vegetation. They ranged from fire tolerant to fire intolerant vegetation. The Bushes were very thick. This was because there was no careless clearing of bushes. In addition, cases of fire in these areas during Pre-European vegetation period were very rare. In Sydney, different grass boxes grew as a result of high nutrient soils and high rai nfalls. Trees like Leptospermum spp and Eucalyptus camaldulensis were dominant on the river banks (Benson 6). At the coast, there were mangroves, salt marshes, and sea grass. This vegetation grew in bays and estuaries. Last, the tablelands had peat bogs and lagoon in the low lying areas (Benson and Howell 8). In conclusion, pre-European vegetation in Sydney was mainly made up of trees, grass, shrubs, and wild flowers. Changes to this vegetation community in the Post European Period Sydney’s basin covers a large region from the Bowen basin to the Gunnedah basin. It has Premo-Triassic sediments on the onshore side and over 5000 meters of sediments on the offshore. The basin overlies an area of carboniferous and volcano-clastic sediment that indicates intense geo-morphological changes before the period of the basin formation. Geologists believe that the Sydney’s basin was formed during the early Permian period. The current Sydney’s offshore is a migration path for many people each year. However, the onshore has become a hub for several cities because of their attractive features. In 1820, Sydney’s suburbs experienced cases of frequent fires (Attenbrow 42). The effects of these fires can be seen in some parts of Sydney.Advertising Looking for report on geography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Factors which influence Sydney vegetation The geology and geomorphology of the Sydney Basin and how your suburb fits into this region Geologists believe that Sydney took its shape during the expansion of the earth crust. The prior stages of development came about when the continental rift was filling the marine volcanic sediments. As a result of coal deposits, the upper parts of the Sydney’s basin had a quartz sand stone covering. This sand stone covering is known as the Hawkesbury Sandstone. The deposits of Hawkesbury were made available by rivers flowing into this region. The accum ulation of sediments led to the formation of a thin cap of shale on the sand stones. The late stage of basin filling is a representation of the north-eastern bio-region that sometimes experiences volcanic eruptions. The coastal side has got most of Sydney’s mountains and escarpments. The blue mountain has a frontal slope made from lap stone monocline (Attenbrow 43). Most of the Sydney’s basin is an elevation of sand stone plateau. The rest of the basin is a hunter plateau, and a low-land Cumberland plain (Benson and Howell 160). In fitting to my suburb, Sydney Central Business District (CBD), there emerges a difference between my suburb and the geology and geomorphology of Sydney basin. One can hardly recognize the features that were present in the earlier Sydney’s geology and geomorphology in my current suburb. The shorelines in my suburb do not have sand stone ledges, sand beaches, or sand banks at the river mouth. These characteristics were present on early S ydney’s basin. The hills at the bank of the tank stream lack a covering of Hawkesbury sand, which was also a key feature of the Sydney’s basin. What are the important climatic variables that influence the distribution of vegetation communities across Sydney? How does your suburb fit into this regional climate? There are different climatic factors that influence on the distribution of vegetation across Sydney. These factors include temperature, rainfall and soil chemistry (Eamus et al. 7). First, there are changes in the rainfall patterns. These changes have affected growth of vegetation especially the vegetation that relies on high rainfalls. Second, the resulting warming has led to the melting of mountain ice capes leading to frequent flooding. Flooding destroys the vegetation and also leads to soil erosion. Last, the decreasing soil fertility contributes to the destruction of the native forests. Vegetation does not reach maturity because the soils are not fertile eno ugh to provide for a large population of vegetation.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Natural Vegetation of your Area Take-home lab assignment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In my suburb, there has been clearing of vegetation that can attract rainfall. This clearing has left many mountains and hills under soil erosion threats, reducing the number of native vegetation. How do geology and climate influence the vegetation of your suburb? Sydney CBD suburb has low soil nutrient content. It is only the soil within the rocks that is fertile (Benson and Howell 43). The remaining soil in other areas is infertile. In addition, there has been a destruction of most landforms in my suburb. This destruction affects vegetation distribution because various landforms that support different types of vegetation are destroyed. Climate also affects vegetation distribution in Sydney CBD suburb. The clearing down of the vegetation for the purpose of constructing buildings has led to a change in climate. The increase in temperatures has led to cases of wetlands drying in Sydney CBD suburbs. Drying of wet lands has led to a reduction in the number of swampy vegetation available in Sydney. For example, there is a reduction in the population of mangroves. Compare vegetation in the suburb with another region in Sydney. Explain the differences in vegetation Auburn is different from other suburbs that surround Sydney. In this suburb, cases of forests clearance are low compared to the Sydney’s CBD suburb. Benson and Howell describe Auburn region as a region in which developments were low until World War I (46). Unlike Sydney’s CBD suburb, Auburn experiences substantial rainfall. This rainfall is enough for the growth of vegetation in this region. In Auburn region, one can find remnants of indigenous trees that are rare in other places. The difference between vegetation distribution in Auburn suburb and Sydney’s suburb results from the development factor. The underdeveloped nature of Auburn until World War I was important in avoiding clearing of the forestlands in this region. Conversely, Sydney’s CBD suburbs experienced developments before World War I resulting in land clearing and hence reducing the vegetation population.Advertising Looking for report on geography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Endangered Ecological Communities in your area Endangered Ecological Community’ in your region In the Sydney’s CBD suburb, the mangroves are the endangered ecological community. During the pre–European community vegetation period, mangroves were available at the coasts, swamps and at the river banks. During this time, a botanist could easily locate the mangroves on the valleys of Tank Stream (Benson and Howell 42). The mangroves in this period were plenty because soils in this region had high nutrients and the land had abundant rainfall. Currently, it is harder for a botanist to locate mangroves when examining cloves in the Sydney’s CBD. This is a result of two different events. First, there has been a destruction of the land forms that favor the growth of mangroves. Second, the swamps in Sydney are drying up. This makes it hard for the mangroves to grow. The difference between endangered and vulnerable community and species The Threatened Species Convers ation act of 1995 has been vital in protecting the endangered and vulnerable species. Endangered species or communities refer to a community or species that are at risk of extinction as a result of existing in few numbers or the changing climate conditions. Vulnerable community or species refer to the species that are likely to become an endangered species in the near future. The International Union for Conservation Nature, IUCN, has the responsibility of recognizing and categorizing species. Species become vulnerable as a result of the adverse natural or manmade circumstances facing them. Unlike, the endangered species, vulnerable species can be abundant in number when the IUCN declares them to be vulnerable and as a result puts strategies that focus on conserving them. Key threatening Processes that are applicable to the community in 3.1. There are various threatening processes to the community of mangroves in the Sydney’s CBD suburb. These processes include the changing cl imate conditions, and the developments of Sydney’s suburb region. The changing climate conditions have led to the drying of swamps. Drying of swamps is a circumstance that threatens the future of the mangrove vegetation. The increasing development activities in Sydney’s suburb region are a threat to the mangroves community. In the process of constructing, the constructors destroy the basic land forms hence destroying the soil chemistry. The soils lose their fertility and become deficient in nutrients that nurture plants. In addition, the constructors have to clear the land for them to get enough space for construction processes. In conclusion, it is fair to state that it is the human activities that threaten the mangroves community in Sydney’s CBD. Works Cited Attenbrow, Val. Sydney’s Aboriginal Past: Investigating the Archaeological and Historical Records. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press Ltd, 2010. Print. Benson, Doug, and Howell Jocelyn. Tak en for Granted: The Bushland of Sydney and its Suburbs. Sydney: Kangaroo Press, 1990. Print. Benson, John. Setting the Seen: The native Vegetation of New South Wales. Sydney: Native vegetation Advisory Council of New South Wales, 1999. Print. Eamus, Derek, Tom Hatton, Peter Cook and Christine Colvin. Ecohydrology: Vegetation Function, Water and Resource Management. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO Publishing, 2006. Print. This report on Natural Vegetation of your Area Take-home lab assignment was written and submitted by user MotherAskani to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Supreme Court Decisions

Jon Hartman USHG per 5 January 7th 2003- Supreme Court Cases 1. 1803 Marbury vs. Madison Constituional Principle: Seperation of powers; the judiciary Backround: For political reasons, Jefferson and secretary of state James Madison refused to allow William Marbury, one of the â€Å"midnight judges†, to take office as the District of Columbia’s justice of the peace. Marbury appealed to the Supreme Court to force the Jefferson administration to allow him to serve his appoinment. Decision: The Court decided that Marbury’s request for a writ of mandamus was based on a law passed by Congress that the Court held to be unconstitutional. The Court decided unanimously that the federal law contradicted the Constitution, and since the Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land, it must reign supreme. Through this case, Chief Justice John Marshall established the power of judicial review: the power of the Court not only to interpret the constitutionality of a law or statute but also to carry out the process and enforce its decision. Importance: Established the Supreme Court’s right to judicial review; stregthened the judiciary in relation to other braches of government. 2. 1819-McCulloch vs Maryland Constitutional Principle: Federalism; National power; the judiciary Backround: The state of Maryland brought an action against James William McCulloch, a cashier in the Maryland branch of the Bank of the United States, for not paying a tax the state had imposed on the United States Bank. Decision: In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the â€Å"power to tax involves the power to destroy,† and that the federal government’s national bank was immune to state taxation. The Court reasoned that Congress could set up a United States Bank and write laws â€Å"necessary and proper† to carry out its constitutional power to coin and regulate money. Importance: The Federal government has only those p... Free Essays on Supreme Court Decisions Free Essays on Supreme Court Decisions Jon Hartman USHG per 5 January 7th 2003- Supreme Court Cases 1. 1803 Marbury vs. Madison Constituional Principle: Seperation of powers; the judiciary Backround: For political reasons, Jefferson and secretary of state James Madison refused to allow William Marbury, one of the â€Å"midnight judges†, to take office as the District of Columbia’s justice of the peace. Marbury appealed to the Supreme Court to force the Jefferson administration to allow him to serve his appoinment. Decision: The Court decided that Marbury’s request for a writ of mandamus was based on a law passed by Congress that the Court held to be unconstitutional. The Court decided unanimously that the federal law contradicted the Constitution, and since the Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land, it must reign supreme. Through this case, Chief Justice John Marshall established the power of judicial review: the power of the Court not only to interpret the constitutionality of a law or statute but also to carry out the process and enforce its decision. Importance: Established the Supreme Court’s right to judicial review; stregthened the judiciary in relation to other braches of government. 2. 1819-McCulloch vs Maryland Constitutional Principle: Federalism; National power; the judiciary Backround: The state of Maryland brought an action against James William McCulloch, a cashier in the Maryland branch of the Bank of the United States, for not paying a tax the state had imposed on the United States Bank. Decision: In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the â€Å"power to tax involves the power to destroy,† and that the federal government’s national bank was immune to state taxation. The Court reasoned that Congress could set up a United States Bank and write laws â€Å"necessary and proper† to carry out its constitutional power to coin and regulate money. Importance: The Federal government has only those p...

The Main Accounting Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Main Accounting Principles - Essay Example This paper will shed light upon how JP Morgan Chase has modified their accounting principles in the past and what impact has the same had on their growth. An Analysis of JP Morgan Chase Business environment is consistently changing, some changes bring unprecedented challenges and these challenges should be met in order to consistently keep doing well. The likes of AIG, Lehmann Brothers could not sustain during the period of recession and as an inevitable result of which suffered hefty losses. This paper will expansively present the accounting policies and the changes adapted by JP Morgan Chase in order to successfully face the modern day challenges. A complete analysis of the major changes incorporated by JP Morgan chase will be expansively presented in this paper. The oldest financial services in the world is without a doubt JP Morgan Chase, it has its presence in well over 60 countries. They are the leaders in investment banking, wealth management and a host of other services. The biggest change that ever took place in the history of the financial institutions was the merger with Bank One. This change primarily took place because the other banks like the Bank of America were almost ready to merge with other big banks like FleetBoston. This merger took place because the financial institutions came under increasing pressure during the time of recession. The announcement of this merger was made on 14 January 2004. The Wall Street reacted very positively because of this merger and the NASDAQ witnessed growth soon after the merger took place. This change took place because the two financial institutions wanted to downsize and cut the deadwood out. The aim was to save about $2.2 billion over three years  and it was planned to eliminate as many as 10,000 people. This again goes to show how desperate even the biggest financial institutions were at the time of recession. Mergers and acquisitions were very common and these overtures were the initial signs which showe d that almost all the big financial institutions were panicking. Volatile corporate banking was the major factor on which JP Morgan primarily functioned. â€Å"Wall Street analysts generally praised the merger, and investors climbed on board. Typically, the shares of the acquirer fall, reflecting the cost of the acquisition. In this case, investors are signaling they believe the combined company will make up for that cost by holding the shares in the $39-$40 range, about where they were before the deal was announced. J.P. Morgan has been on a roll, with its shares up about 74% in the past 12 months. Bank One shares jumped about 15% when the deal was announced, matching the premium J.P. Morgan will pay. Such a move is typical in an acquisition.† (JP Morgan Chase) The investors looked less enthusiastic with the deal between Bank of America and Fleet-Boston. This deal was for a whopping $48 billion. The shares of Fleet-Boston were driven up as a result of this deal because Bank of America offered 40% premium in this deal. The shares of Bank of America however came down and the investors lost a lot of money consequently. Big mergers take place because both the companies involved in the merger want to grow at a tremendous pace but this merger was not very useful for both the financial institutions. The collapse of WORLDCOM in the year 2005 signaled trouble for JP Morgan chase, the institution had to pay a whopping sum of $2 billion. This sum was paid to the different shareholders who had lost a lot of mon